For most people, Irish culture brings to mind leprechauns, Saint Patrick's day, and the potato famine—greatly important elements, but they do not encapsulate the entirety of Ireland's heritage. A lesser known but still prominent aspect of Irish culture is Gaeilge: the country's native
In today’s society, writing is seen as the criterion of linguistic authenticity. Many believe a language becomes real only when it is written down: when it has an alphabet, a dictionary, or some form of legitimized print. However, this notion ignores a rudimentary truth: for most of human history,
The Eurovision Song Contest (ESC) is the world’s longest-running annual TV music competition, but did you know it’s also a linguistic powerhouse? With an impressive impact of over a hundred million viewers, the contest presents itself as a hub of national identity—and language is a key part
The Xhosa language is a prominent Bantu language with significant cultural and historical importance among the Xhosa people, one of the largest ethnic groups in South Africa. This language not only serves as a means of communication but also embodies the rich traditions and identity of its speakers. Xhosa is
Translation is usually envisioned as a simple process: a word in one language directly matches the definition of a word in another. Although this is often true, it is important to understand that language is not a group of containers holding anchored meanings. Language embodies the sense of a real,
Many countries are known for having one dominant language: Japan speaks Japanese and Portugal speaks Portuguese. But there are even more nations where multiple languages share the spotlight. Whether there are two, ten, or even hundreds of commonly spoken languages, multilingualism can shape everything from culture to daily communication. These
Every two weeks, another language gradually fades away. As society turns to global lingua francas, speaking primarily bridging languages like English, French, Spanish, and Mandarin, the world’s linguistic diversity depletes at an alarming rate that linguists have never experienced before. There is no doubt in anyone’s mind that
Walking down the streets of Wales, located on the southwest of Great Britain, you naturally hear a lot of English being spoken. However, the more you listen to your surroundings, the more “helo”, “bore da”, and “diolch” you start to hear. Suddenly, you realize that these phrases are in fact
“With mirth in funeral and with dirge in marriage / In equal scale weighing delight and dole.” — Hamlet, William Shakespeare Over the past five centuries, we have transitioned from layered, metaphor-rich expressions, such as Shakespeare’s above quote, to brief, almost skeletal forms, like “sup bro” or “TBH.” How did this
Everyone loves a secret, and in a way, undeciphered languages are the quintessential secret for historians, archaeologists, and linguists. Though we have made significant progress in decoding many ancient languages, there are still dozens of preserved yet untranslated inscriptions from around the world we have yet to understand. There is
Though you may not have heard of the official term “artificial language,” you’ve most likely encountered one before. Artificial languages are languages that have been intentionally designed for a specific purpose, and are also known as conlangs (constructed languages). Whether they are created for a secret code or a
In the 21st century, the world is connected through social and digital media. There are countless examples: fashion, styles, hobbies, craftsmanship, and online trends cross borders every day. But how has this global connection impacted language? Do all English speakers still talk like Shakespeare or Jane Austen, or how has